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1 comitium
cŏm-ĭtĭum, ii, n. [locus a coëundo, id est insimul veniendo, est dictus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 38, 12 Müll.; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 155 id.: comitium ab eo quod coibant eo comitiis curiatis, et litium causā].I.In sing., the place for the assembling of the Romans voting by the curiœ situated near the Forum, and separated from it by the ancient Rostra, but sometimes considered as a part of the Forum in a more extended sense (hence, in Dion. Halic. ho kratistos and o epiphanestatos tês agoras topos: IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO, XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20; Cic. Sest. 35, 75; id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58; id. Brut. 84, 289; Liv. 1, 36, 5; 27, 36, 8; 10, 24, 18; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 9 et saep.; cf. Dict. of Antiq.—B.Transf., any place of assembly out of Rome;C.so of the Ephoreum at Sparta,
Nep. Ages. 4, 2.—Trop.:II.quod (es) esset animi vestibulum et orationis janua et cogitationum comitium,
App. Mag. 7, p. 278, 1; so, sacri pectoris, Mam. Grat. Act. ad Jul. 15.—Plur.: cŏmĭtĭa (access. form cŏmĭtĭae, Fratr. Arval. ap. Marin. p. 43; Gloss. Labb. p. 33), the assembly of the Romans for electing magistrates, etc., the comitia. —The comitia were of three kinds.1.Comitia curiata, the most ancient, voting by curiæ, held in the comitium (v. I.), gradually restricted by,2.The Comitia centuriata, the proper assembly of the populus Romanus, voting by centuries, instituted by Servius Tullius, continuing through the whole time of the republic, commonly held in the Campus Martius (not in the comitium, as is asserted by many from the similarity of the name; cf.3.campus, II.),
Gell. 15, 27, 2 sqq.; Cic. Agr. 2, 11, 27; id. Dom. 14, 38; Liv. 5, 52, 15; cf. Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 44.—Comitia tributa, voting by tribes, and commonly held in the Forum, but in choosing magistrates, freq. in the Campus Martius, convened for the first time in the trial of Coriolanus, two years after the introduction of the office of tribune of the people. In them the inferior magistrates (ædiles, tribunes of the people, quæstors), and, later, the Pontifex Maximus also, were chosen, Cic. Leg. 3, 19, 45; id. Agr. 2, 11, 27; Liv. 2, 58, 1; 2, 60, 4; Gell. 15, 27, 3; cf.B.Dict. of Antiq.—Upon the comitia calata, v. 1, calo.—The usual t. t. for holding such comitia is: comitia habere,
Cic. Div. 2, 18, 43; freq. in all periods;they were designated according to the magistrates who were to be chosen in them, as consularia,
Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17; id. Mur. 18, 38:praetoria,
Liv. 10, 22, 8:tribunicia,
Cic. Att. 1, 1, 1; Liv. 6, 39, 11:militaria,
Liv. 3, 51, 8:quaestoria,
Cic. Fam. 7, 30, 1; cf.also: comitia consulum,
Liv. 3, 20, 8; and:comitia fiunt regi creando,
id. 1, 35, 1:edicere comitia consulibus creandis,
id. 3, 37, 5:comitia conficere,
Cic. Fam. 10, 36, 12:differre,
Liv. 6, 37, 12:dimittere,
Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:ducere,
id. ib. 4, 15, 7:inire,
Suet. Vesp. 5.—Transf., of other elections, out of Rome, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 52, § 129; Liv. 42, 43, 7; Tab. Heracl. v. 24 sq.—C.Trop.:ibo intro, ubi de capite meo sunt comitia, i. e.,
where my fate is deciding, Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 20:Pseudulus mihi centuriata capitis habuit comitia,
id. Ps. 4, 7, 134:meo illic nunc sunt capiti comitia,
id. Truc. 4, 3, 45. -
2 contionor
contĭōnor, ātus, 1, v. dep. [contio].* I.To be convened or united in an assembly, to form an assembly:II.nunc illi vos, singuli universos contionantes timent,
Liv. 39, 16, 4.— Far more freq.,(Acc. to contio, II.) To deliver an oration before an assembly of the people, to harangue, address:B.Dionysius contionari ex turri altā solebat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59; cf.:superiore e loco contionari,
id. ib. 1, 49, 117:pro tribunali,
Tac. A. 1, 61 fin.:apud milites,
Caes. B. C. 1, 7; Suet. Aug. 27:ad populum,
id. ib. 84:de Caesare,
id. ib. 85:adversus aliquem,
Liv. 9, 18, 7; and entirely absol.: cum Lepidus contionaretur, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 4; so Liv. 1, 28, 2; Quint. 1, 10, 27; 3, 11, 13; 7, 6, 3; Tac. A. 11, 7; id. H. 1, 31; Suet. Caes. 33, 55; id. Rhet. 6.—With acc.:haec velut contionanti Minucio circum fundebatur tribunorum multitudo,
Liv. 22, 14, 15.—Once with the acc. and inf. (cf. the foll.):C. Cato contionatus est, comitia haberi non siturum, etc.,
declared before the people, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 6. —In gen., to say publicly, publish, make known, declare (very rare):caterva tota clarissimā concentione.. contionata est: huic vitae tuae, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 55, 118; id. Tusc. 1, 49, 117:idem hoc futurum, etiam Sibylla contionata est,
Lact. 4, 18, p. 292 Bip.
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